About Orkney

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ABOUT ORKNEY

The Islands of Orkney are a group of 70 islands and skerries 10km (6.2 miles) from the north-east tip of the Scottish Mainland. The largest island, known as ‘Mainland’ is home to most of the total 20,000 population but the main north islands of Shapinsay, Gairsay, Stronsay, Wyre, Rousay, Egilsay, Eday, Sanday, Westray, Papa Westray and North Ronaldsay and the south islands of Graemsay, Hoy, Burray, Flotta and South Ronaldsay are also populated. Although Burray and South Ronaldsay are ‘islands’ they are connected to Mainland Orkney by causeways. A few of the very small islands also have permanent or seasonal residents.

The islands of Orkney are mainly low lying, a gently rolling landscape of green fields, heather moorland heath and loch (lake). The underlying sandstone rock breaks-down easily to form good fertile soils and much of the landscape is farmed, growing mainly grass for animal feed. Most of the farmland is devoted to the production of beef cattle and Orkney beef is prized for its high quality. Sheep are also present in high numbers and the production of barley, potatoes (tatties) and turnips (neeps) is also common. The island of Hoy (meaning ‘high’ in Old Norse) is the exception with dramatic hills and valleys and spectacular cliffs.

The main town and Capital of the islands is Kirkwall and with its narrow main street with many craft and gift shops, cafes, hotel restaurants and bars is a great central location from which to explore the islands. Kirkwall is dominated by the magnificent St Magnus Cathedral, founded by Earl Rognvald Kolson in 1137, with its red sandstone walls and large columns, ramparts and vaulted ceiling is a ‘must see’ if visiting the capital. Other historical remains are close by and also worth exploring and of course all the local amenities you would expect in a large town are also available.

Stromness is the second biggest town in Orkney and undoubtedly the most picturesque. The town grew up around the sheltered harbour of Hamnavoe as the fishing industry grew and trade routes opened with Canada. The narrow winding street follows the shoreline with many lanes and alleyways leading off. Houses along the waterfront have private piers and slipways and the dramatic backdrop of Brinkies Brae and the hills of Hoy make this another ‘must see’ for any visitor. The award winning Pier Arts Centre is also found in the centre of the town and the museum gives an excellent account of Orkney’s maritime history.

Orkney Isles

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